Contents
- Searching an organization’s repository
- Searching for or within a repository
- Repository search: command chaining
- Language-specific search
- Searching based on time periods
- Search in archived repositories
- Case sensitive search
- Searching by types
- Searching commit messages matching a string
- Searching code by commits and diffs
- Return a certain number of results
- Searching for or within forks
- Timing out searches
- Search by repository visibility
- Further resources
How to search code with Sourcegraph — a cheat sheet
Oluebube Princess EgbunaSourcegraph is a universal code search tool, enabling you to search across both open source and your own private code repositories. Code search can help you onboard onto new codebases, contribute to open source, find bugs and error messages, understand dependency libraries, and more.
This cheat sheet style guide can help you get up to speed with Sourcegraph commands quickly. For more thorough tutorials on using Sourcegraph, refer to our tutorials and our documentation.
You can use these commands on either Sourcegraph cloud or your own Sourcegraph instance.
Searching an organization’s repository#
By default, Sourcegraph lets you search globally, providing you with results from all the repositories you have access to. On Sourcegraph cloud, this includes all currently indexed open source repositories. The repo command lets you dial down to the single repository level.
Searching for or within a repository#
The repo keyword lets you search a specific repository in your organization or on the web.
repo:[repository-path]
repo:[regular-pattern]
Searching with repo:^github\.com/ORGANIZATION will return all repositories in a given organization, where ORGANIZATION can be sourcegraph, for example.
The repo keyword contextualizes the searches you perform on Sourcegraph.
Repository search: command chaining#
When searching a repository, command chaining can be used to return more specific results depending on the expected results.
Search for a repository that contains a file
If you are searching for a file in a repository, use repo.contains.file.
repo:[repository-path] repo.contains.file([file-path])
For example, when searching for the package.json file in a project, this search query will return the file.
A similar example that uses the content query to search for files is shown below.
This query returns repositories that contain a package.json file and has content written in TypeScript.
Search for a repository that contains some content
Suppose you are searching for some content in a repository, such as a library. Use repo.contains.content.
repo:[repo-path] repo.contains.content([content])
repo:[repo-path] repo.contains.content([regular-pattern])
We can search for the mdi-react library in Sourcegraph, for example:
The above query returns repos that have mdi-react among its contents.
Language-specific search#
Use lang when searching code to narrow the scope of your search to one programming language.
lang:[programming language]
We can search for results within the C++ or Python programming languages.
By default, searches are case insensitive.
Prepending a hyphen can exclude results from a particular programming language.
-lang:[programming-language]
To exclude Java, you can perform the following search.
Narrowing your search scope down to specific languages can ensure that you find the code that is most relevant to your needs.
Searching based on time periods#
If you are searching for code committed before or after a time period, you will use before and after
before:[time-period]
after:[time-period]
Sometimes the time period can be literal, like last week, last year, 3 months ago, february 10 2021 or have actual dates in the format dd/mm/yyyy.
before:last week
after:february 10 2021
before:02/01/2019
To search between dates, keywords like and can be combined with before or after to return dates within a given period.
Time-based search is usually used along with other search commands to further narrow down search results.
Note that before and after only work in conjunction when combined with type:diff or type:commit commands.
Search in archived repositories#
The archived keyword will bring up those results from repositories that have been archived.
archived:[yes/only]
archived:yes
archived:only
We can surface only archived repositories within the Sourcegraph organization with the following query.
This can help us understand past decisions made within a given codebase.
Case sensitive search#
Use yes or no with the case search query to specify if the search should be case sensitive or not. By default, searches are case insensitive.
case:[yes/no]
case:yes
case:no
Suppose you would like to check to align the style of a given codebase to help you bring all function calls in Python to be consistent with the PEP 8 guidance. You can use Sourcegraph to understand which functions are using camelCase rather than lowercase names with underscores between words (also called snake_case).
If you would like to find all declared functions that use camelCase, you can try combining this query with regular expressions.
Searching by types#
Types define the scope of code search. A search scope consists of commits, diffs, symbols, repos, paths and files. It is typically used alongside other search commands to further narrow search results.
type:[commit|paths|diff|symbol|repo|files]
Here is an example to show us time-based commits on the Sourcegraph repo.
A type scope can use the following commands, which will restrict search to the following:
commit— commits to a repositorydiff— show diffs, or changes, within a repository *repo— repositories available to youfiles— returns files *symbol— returns files that contain names or keywords in a library.
Searching by type can help you find exactly what you need in a codebase by narrowing down the scope of your search.
Searching commit messages matching a string#
If a commit message is known, it can be helpful to use the message keyword to bring up relevant commits.
message:[commit-message]
message:[string-regex-pattern]
We can find all commit messages with “fix” in the sourcegraph/sourcegraph repository by searching the following.
Note that the message keyword only works for type:diff or type:commit queries.
Searching code by commits and diffs#
The author keyword returns code search results that were created by a user. This keyword only works for type:diff or type:commit queries.
author:[author-name]
Adding a hyphen in front of the author keyword omits code content created by a given author.
-author:[author-name]
Search for all code diffs by the Renovate app within our Sourcegraph repository.
You can also search by committer:git-email with the same type constraints.
Return a certain number of results#
Sourcegraph returns pages filled with search results. To stop searching after a given number of results are returned, use the count command.
count:[number|all]
For example, count:5 would return the first 5 results of a given query.
The all option returns all results from a search.
The count keyword may also be used to return more results, not just fewer results. This can enable you to display more than the default 500 results that are returned.
Searching for or within forks#
The fork keyword restricts the scope of search results to either include, exclude, or return only forks of a given repository.
fork:[yes|no|only]
The yes option includes forked repositories, the no option omits the results from forks, and the only option searches only forked repositories.
One use case for searching forked repositories is looking for how users personalize open source libraries.
Timing out searches#
To set the duration before a search times out, you’ll use the timeout keyword. Time units that can be used include nanoseconds (ns), microseconds (us or µs) , milliseconds (ms), seconds (s) or minutes (m).
timeout:[time-duration-with-unit]
This is useful when searching many repositories at the same time to give search more time to return useful results. By default, timeout is 10 seconds, however, when using the timeout command, timeouts can be set to over a minute. When this scope is provided, search is given more time to complete.
Alternatively, if you are receiving too many results, you can decrease the time of search.
Search by repository visibility#
Restricting search by codebase visibility is done with the visibility command. You can restrict search to public or private repositories.
This is useful if you want the results of a search to be explicitly narrowed down to repositories that are private and accessible to you or repositories that are public.
Except when explicitly set, all searches return results from both public and private repositories accessible to you.
visibility:[any|private|public]
When logged into Sourcegraph, you can change your context to your username and then run the following command to show all of your available private repositories.
This can allow you to search across the code that is private to only you. Please note that searching private code on Sourcegraph cloud is currently in Public Beta.
Further resources#
To learn more about how to search effectively with Sourcegraph, you can read through our Sourcegraph search series:
- How To Search with Sourcegraph using Literal Patterns
- How To Search with Sourcegraph using Regular Expression Patterns
- How To Search with Sourcegraph using Structural Patterns
You can also check out Sourcegraph product documentation and Sourcegraph tutorials.